英语词源系列复习素材知识点精析精练Xmas/yacht

2022-09-28/ 白山信息网/ 查看: 214/ 评论: 10

摘要英语词源系列复习素材知识点精析精练Xmas/yachtXmasn.圣诞节起源从某种意义上来说，Xmas可以说是Christmas(圣诞节)的

英语词源系列复习素材知识点精析精练Xmas/yacht
Xmas
n.<口>圣诞节
起源
从某种意义上来说，Xmas可以说是Christmas(圣诞节)的缩略语，从公元十二世纪起，X就一直被用来代表Christ(基督)，当时的基督教(Christianity)写作Xianity，后来又缩写成Xnty。而Xmas在1551年开始使用，Xmas中的X出自Christ的希腊语对应词的首字母X，这也使得一些人认为X是十字架的象征。
Xmas属于非正式用语，常见于私人信件、圣诞贺卡或需要节省篇幅的地方，如报纸的标题中。有人建议使用Xmas替代Christmas，以减弱圣诞节的宗教寓意，然而却遭到许多基督教徒的强烈反对。
例句
1.She buys her Xmas presents on layaway.
她用预约购货法购买圣诞礼物。
2.Why don't you spend Xmas with Beate?
为什么你不和贝蒂一起度过圣诞？
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yacht
n.快艇，帆船，游艇
起源
荷兰在古时候是传统的海上强国，许多航海词语也是来自荷兰语。十六世纪，荷兰人造了一种叫jachtschip的船，其字面意思是“追击艇”，用于在沿海一带缉捕海盗。后来jaghtschip缩略为jaght，最后演变成jacht。
十七世纪中叶，荷兰东印度公司将这种快艇送给英国国王查理二世(CharlesII)，查理二世将它作为游艇在海上游乐，立即引起英国贵族富豪的效仿，造船商纷纷加以改造，而且把名称一同借来，用以指“快艇”或“游艇”，后来词形逐渐演变为yacht。
例句
1.The crew seemed unable to right the capsized yacht.
水手们好像无法使倾覆的游艇翻过来。
2.He was responsible for the location of the missing yacht.
他负责查明失踪游艇的下落。

(1) Sorry I’m late. I ____ have turned off the alarm clock and gone back to sleep again.
A. might B. should C. can D. will
(2)----Write to me when you get home. ---- ________.
A. I must B. I should C. I will D.I can
(3) I was really anxious about you . You ______home without a word.
A. mustn’t leave B. shouldn’t have left
C. couldn’t have left D. needn’t leave
(4) --I hear you’ve got a set of valuable coins. ______ I have a look?
-- Yes, certainly.
A. Do B. May C. Shall D. Should
(5) Oh, I’m not feeling well in the stomach . I_____ so much fried chicken just now.
A. shouldn’t eat B. mustn’t have eaten
C. shouldn’t have eaten D. mustn’t eat
(6) --I heard they went skiing in the mountains last winter.
--It _______true because there was little snow there.
A. may not be B. won’t be C. couldn’t be D. mustn’t be
(7) -------The room is so dirty ._____we clean it?
-------Of course.
A. Will B. Shall C. Would D. Do
(8) My dictionary has disappeared. Who _____have taken it?
A. should B. must C. could D. would
(9) I often see lights in that empty house. Do you think I ____ report it to the police ?
A. should B. may C. will D. can
(10) Mr. White ______at 8:30 for the meeting , but he didn’t show up.
A. should have arrived B. should arrive
C. should have had arrived D. should be arriving
答案
1-5:ACBBC 6-10:CBCAA